• High-quality protein with 25 grams of protein and 4.54 mg of BCAAs. Pea protein has a high Protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS - a method of evaluating the quality of a protein based on both the amino acid requirement of the body and their ability to digest it) of 0.93 – which is equivalent to the PDCAAs score of meat, eggs, soy, and other protein-rich foods.

• World’s most potent beetroot extract with a 6.5% nitrate concentration manufactured using a proprietary aqueous process to obtain a high potency extract with minimal oxalate content.

• Digestive enzyme blend which has proteases (bacterial acid protease, bacterial alkaline protease, and neutral protease), and amylase.

• Unique IS-2 (Bacillus coagulans) probiotic that is non-pathogenic, safe, naturally encapsulated, and highly stable.

• Natural Caffeine from Green Tea Extract.

• Vitamin B complex blend containing Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B3, Vitamin B5, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B7, and Vitamin B12.

Mode of Action:

a. Pea Protein Isolate:

• Helps maintain, repair, and grow muscle mass.

b. Dietary Nitrates:

• Once ingested, dietary nitrates are converted to nitrite and then to bioactive Nitric Oxide (NO) in tissues and blood under physiological hypoxia. Increased levels of NO in tissues and peripheral circulation results in vasodilation which increases blood flow and improved oxygen transport to muscles during exercise [1, 3]. NO also improves mitochondrial biogenesis, glucose uptake in muscle, and enhanced muscle contraction and relaxation processes [3]. NO reduces oxygen consumption during submaximal exercise [4].

• Improve cardio-respiratory performance.

• May have an ergogenic effect.

c. Caffeine:

• Acts as an adenosine receptor antagonist and may modulate fatigue and influence ratings of perceived exertion, perceived pain, and levels of vigor, all of which may lead to performance improvements [6].

• May help mobilize fat stores, enabling the body to use fat as its primary fuel source [5].

• Improves mood, cognitive function, alertness, and attention [7]

d. Digestive enzyme blend:

• Proteases: Breaks down proteins & peptides to ensure the breakdown of protein throughout the digestive tract for complete utilization and absorption of the protein and supports immune functions.

• Amylase: The enzyme that breaks down pea protein which is a glycoprotein.

e. Probiotic:

• Helps produce L-lactic acid

• Helps maintain a healthy digestive system

• Helps maintain the lipid profile

• Helps support a healthy immune system

• Helps digest protein, carbohydrates, and fats

f. B-Vitamins:

• Thiamine (B1): Plays a critical role in the breakdown of glucose for energy and acts as a coenzyme in the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) [8].

• Riboflavin (B2): Helps extract energy from glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids.

• Niacin (B3): Breaks down carbohydrates and fatty acids during exercise. It repairs and replicates cells post-exercise.

• Pyridoxine (B6): Helps deliver oxygen throughout our body and helps nerve cells communicate. Along with folate lowers levels of homocysteine in the blood.

• Folate (B9): Involved with DNA synthesis, the maturation of red blood cells and other cells, and amino acid metabolism.

• Cyanocobalamin (B12): Increase endurance capability and aids in the production of new red blood cells.

• Biotin (B7): Critical for the breakdown of carbohydrates into glucose.

• Pantothenic acid (B5): Involves in many metabolic reactions that extract energy from fatty acids.

References:

1. Gao, Chloe, et al. "The effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on endurance exercise performance and cardiorespiratory measures in healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis." Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 18.1 (2021): 55.

2. Larsen FJ, Weitzberg E, Lundberg JO, Ekblom B. Effects of dietary nitrate on oxygen cost during exercise. Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2007 Sep;191(1):59-66. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2007.01713.x. Epub 2007 Jul 17. PMID: 17635415.

3. Domínguez, Raúl, et al. "Effects of beetroot juice supplementation on cardiorespiratory endurance in athletes. A systematic review." Nutrients 9.1 (2017): 43.

4. Carriker CR, Vaughan RA, VanDusseldorp TA, Johnson KE, Beltz NM, McCormick JJ, Cole NH, Gibson AL. Nitrate-Containing Beetroot Juice Reduces Oxygen Consumption During Submaximal Exercise in Low but Not High Aerobically Fit Male Runners. J Exerc Nutrition Biochem. 2016 Dec 31;20(4):27-34. doi: 10.20463/jenb.2016.0029. PMID: 28150476; PMCID: PMC5551075.

5. Dr. Rick Kattouf, “The Benefits of Caffeine for Endurance Athletes” https://www.trainingpeaks.com/blog/the-benefits-of-caffeine-for-endurance-athletes/

6. Graham, T.E. “Caffeine and Exercise – Metabolism, Endurance and Performance”. Sports Med 31, 785-807 (2001). https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200131110-00002

7. Lorenzo Calvo J, Fei X, Domínguez R, Pareja-Galeano H. Caffeine and Cognitive Functions in Sports: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients. 2021 Mar 6;13(3):868. doi: 10.3390/nu13030868. PMID: 33800853; PMCID: PMC8000732.

8. Laquale, Kathleen M. "B-complex vitamins' role in energy release." Athletic Therapy Today (2006).